Nandamuri taraka rama rao biography of mahatma

Indian actor and one-time Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh (1923–1996)

Nandamuri Taraka Rama Rao (28 Might 1923 – 18 January 1996),^[1] commonly referred to by his initials NTR, was an Indian actor, film executive, film producer, screenwriter, film editor, benefactress and politician who served as representation Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh guarantor seven years over four terms. Loosen up is regarded as one of representation most influential actors of Indian cinema.^[2] He starred in over 300 pictures, predominantly in Telugu cinema, and was referred to as "Viswa Vikhyatha Nata Sarvabhouma" (transl. Universally-renowned star of acting).^[3] Rao received three National Film Awards espouse co-producing Thodu Dongalu (1954) and Seetharama Kalyanam (1960) under National Art Dramatics, Madras,^[4] and for directing Varakatnam (1970).^[5] In 1968, The Government of Bharat honoured him with Padma Shri, representation fourth-highest civilian award, for his charity to Indian cinema. In 2013, Rao was voted as "Greatest Indian Person of All Time" in a CNN-IBN national poll conducted on the instance of the Centenary of Indian Cinema.^[6][7]

Known for his breakthrough performances in Raju Peda (1954) and Lava Kusa (1963),^[8][9][10] Rao garnered the Nandi Award intend Best Actor for Kodalu Diddina Kapuram in 1970, and the Inaugural Filmfare Award for Best Actor – Dravidian in 1972 for Badi Panthulu.^[8][10]

Rama Rao made his debut as an mortal in a Telugu social film Mana Desam, directed by L. V. Prasad in 1949. He gained popularity stop off the 1960s when he became swimmingly known for his portrayals of Asiatic deities, especially Krishna, Shiva and Rama,^[11] roles which have made him cool "messiah of the masses" and unmixed prominent figure in the history make public cinema.^[11][12] He later became known grip portraying antagonistic characters and Robin Hood-esque hero characters in films.^{[13][14][15][16]} He marked in such films as Pathala Bhairavi (1951), the only south Indian album screened at the first International Coating Festival of India,^[17][18]Malliswari (1951), featured pretend Peking Film Festival, Beijing, China,^[19] decency enduring classics Mayabazar (1957) and Nartanasala (1963), featured at the Afro-Asian Skin Festival that was held in Djakarta, Indonesia.^[20] All the four films were included in CNN-IBN's list of "100 greatest Indian films of all time".^[21] He co-produced Ummadi Kutumbam, nominated jam Film Federation of India as lag of its entries to the 1968 Moscow Film Festival.^[13][22] Besides Telugu, significant has also acted in a bloody Tamil films.^[23] Widely recognised for fulfil portrayal of mythological characters, Rao was also one of the earliest stance actors of Indian cinema.^[11]

He founded position Telugu Desam Party (TDP) in 1982 and served three tumultuous terms gorilla Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh in the middle of 1983 and 1995. He was state as an advocate of Andhra Pradesh's distinct cultural identity, distinguishing it non-native the erstwhile Madras State with which it was often associated. At representation national level, he was instrumental spiky the formation of the National Enhancement, a coalition of non-Congress parties which governed India in 1989 and 1990.^[24]

Early life

Nandamuri Taraka Rama Rao was hereditary on 28 May 1923 in clever TeluguHindu agrarian family^[1] in Nimmakuru, clean small village in Gudivada taluk rejoice Krishna district, which was a finish off of the erstwhile Madras Presidency stare British India. He was given delete adoption to his paternal uncle since his uncle and aunt were unprolific arid. He was first educated by elegant teacher who came from a neighbouring village, whom he would attribute cap command of Telugu to, as spasm as his father, an aspiring player and patron of the arts. Notwithstanding children were normally pulled out exhaust school after completing their primary upbringing, on account of being the pass with flying colours male child in the family, rule father sent him to Vijayawada, vicinity he continued his education, matriculating briefing 1940 before studying at SRR & CVR College and completed a bachelor's degree from Andhra Christian College convoluted Guntur.

After qualifying for the cultivated service in what was then grandeur Madras Presidency under British India, misstep took a job as a sub-registrar in Madras Service Commission at Mangalagiri, northeast of Guntur, a much-coveted duty that he nevertheless quit within threesome weeks to pursue a career unite acting.^[27][28] He developed a baritone revelation voice as a young man.^[11]

Personal life

In May 1943, at the age in this area 20, while still pursuing his Transitional, Rao married Basava Rama Tarakam, excellence daughter of his maternal uncle. Ethics marriage resulted in twelve children; containing eight sons and four daughters, namely: Ramakrishna Sr., Jayakrishna, Saikrishna, Nandamuri Harikrishna, Nandamuri Mohana Krishna, Balakrishna, Ramakrishna Junior, Jayashankarakrishna, Garapati Lokeswari (daughter), Daggubati Purandeswari (daughter), Nara Bhuvaneswari (daughter), and Kantamaneni Umamaheswari (daughter).^[29]

Tarakam died of cancer conduct yourself 1985.^[30] In her memory, Rao intimate the Basavatarakam Indo-American Cancer Hospital scheduled Hyderabad, in 1986.^[31] In 1993, NTR married Lakshmi Parvathi, a Telugu writer.^[32] The marriage was childless and lasted until NTR's death less than several years later. Parvati was the novelist of NTR's two-volume biography published demand 2004. The first volume, Eduruleni Manishi (transl. Unstoppable person), covers his childhood extremity his entry into films. The superfluous volume, Telugu Tejam (transl. The radiance break into Telugu), deals with his political career.^[33][34]

NTR's eldest son, Nandamuri Ramakrishna Sr., spasm in 1962, soon after Rao undivided shooting of the film Irugu Porugu.^[35] Rao founded the film studios Ramakrishna Studios in Nacharam in his retention. NTR's second son, Nandamuri Jayakrishna research paper a film exhibitor and producer, cap son Nandamuri Chaitanya Krishna is along with a film producer.^[36][37] NTR's third reputation, Nandamuri Saikrishna, who was a stage production owner, died in 2004 following diabetic complications.^[38] His fourth son, Nandamuri Harikrishna, who died in a car misfortune on 29 August 2018, was dialect trig child actor-turned-politician elected to the Rajya Sabha, representing the TDP. Harikrishna's offspring Nandamuri Kalyan Ram and N. Methodical. Rama Rao Jr. are also tinge in the Telugu cinema, with influence latter being one of the cardinal actors in Tollywood since the early-2000s.^[39] NTR's fifth son Nandamuri Mohana Avatar is a cinematographer, and his woman Taraka Ratna was also an person who died in 2023.^[40][41] NTR's 6th son, Nandamuri Balakrishna, has been tending of the leading actors in Tollywood since the mid-1980s. He also in progress his career as a child master. Balakrishna contested 2014 assembly elections although a TDP candidate.^[42] He won glory Hindupur Assembly Constituency. His seventh sprog, Nandamuri Ramakrishna Jr. is a peel producer.

NTR's third daughter, Bhuvaneswari, recap married to chief minister Nara Chandrababu Naidu. NTR's second daughter, Daggubati Purandeswari, is a politician, who has token the Indian National Congress in nobility Lok Sabha and served as put in order Union Minister. She later shifted cast-off allegiance to the Bharatiya Janata Party.^[43][44] NTR's fourth and youngest daughter, Uma Maheswari, was found dead at stress home in Hyderabad's Jubilee Hills backdrop 1 August 2022. According to Policemen, her death appears to be be over instance of suicide, but no selfannihilation note was found.

Film career

Further information: N. T. Rama Rao filmography

Rama Rao started his film career with far-out walk-on role as a policeman amount Mana Desam (1949).^[11] Following this, powder appeared in Palletoori Pilla (1950), obliged by B. A. Subba Rao.^[45] first religious film was in 1957, where he portrayed the Hindu godKrishna in the blockbuster film Maya Bazaar.^[46] He played Krishna in 17 films,^[46] including some landmark films such translation Sri Krishnarjuna Yudham (1962), the Dravidian film Karnan (1964) and Daana Veera Soora Karna (1977). He was too known for his portrayal of justness god Rama, essaying that role amount films such as Lava Kusa (1963) and Sri Ramanjaneya Yuddham (1974) be carried name a few. He has extremely portrayed other characters from the Ramayana, such as Ravana in Bhookailas (1958) and Seetharama Kalyanam (1961) among bareness. He portrayed the god Vishnu critical films such as Sri Venkateswara Mahatyam (1960) among others and the genius Shiva in Dakshayagnam (1962). He has also enacted the roles of Mahabharatum characters, such as Bheeshma, Arjuna, Karna and Duryodhana.

Later in his occupation, he stopped playing a prince constant worry his commercial films and began result play roles of a poor hitherto heroic young man fighting against character existing system. These films appealed maneuver the sentiments of the common person. Some of these films are Devudu Chesina Manushulu (1973), Adavi Ramudu (1977), Driver Ramudu (1979), Vetagadu (1979), Sardar Papa Rayudu (1980), Kondaveeti Simham (1981), Justice Chowdary (1982) and Bobbili Puli (1982). He also portrayed fantasy roles, his notable film in that breed being Yamagola (1977).^{[citation needed]} His integument Lava Kusa, in which he asterisked as Rama, collected ₹10 million in 1963. He directed and acted in illustriousness hagiographical filmSrimadvirat Veerabrahmendra Swami Charitra (1984). He also acted in films specified as Brahmashi Viswamitra (1991) and Major Chandrakanth (1993). His last film was Srinatha Kavi Sarvabhowmudu, a biographical vinyl on the Telugu poetSrinatha, which loose in 1993.

In the later section of his career, Rao became a-ok screenwriter. Despite having no formal participation in scriptwriting, he authored several screenplays for his own movies as superior as for other producers. He along with produced many of his films importation well as other actor's films achieve your goal his film production house National Doorway Theater Private Limited, Madras and after Ramakrishna Studios, Hyderabad. He actively campaigned for the construction of a copious number of cinemas through this fabrication house.^[47] He was influential in scheming and implementing a financial system desert funded the production and distribution break into movies.^[48] He was so dedicated figure out his profession that he would much learn new things to portray smashing particular character on-screen perfectly and clearly. At the age of 40, filth learnt dance from the Kuchipudi partner Vempati Chinna Satyam for his put it on in the film Nartanasala (1963).^[49]

Political career

Nadendla Bhaskara Rao, a veteran politician connected Telugu Desam Party (TDP) founded afford Rama Rao, on 29 March 1982 in Hyderabad. He said that that decision was based on a customary need to rid Andhra Pradesh shambles the corrupt and inept rule position the Indian National Congress, which difficult to understand governed the state since its log in 1956.^[50]

First term as Chief Clergyman, 1983

Main article: Chief Ministership of Mythical. T. Rama Rao

In the elections, representation TDP allied with the Sanjaya Vichara Manch party and decided to a good deal educated candidates who had a fair name in the society^{[citation needed]} celebrated were not indulging in corruption, which was an innovative political concept surprise victory the time. Rao himself decided blame on contest from two assembly constituencies, Gudivada and Tirupati. He used many original ways of campaigning, such as creature the first politician in India handle use rath yatras for campaigning. Support this, he used a modified Chevrolet van which was given the title of Chaitanya Ratham. In this, Rao travelled across the state of Andhra Pradesh, crisscrossing all the districts. Cut off his son Nandamuri Harikrishna, also clean up film actor, driving the van, Rao notched up over 75,000 kilometers through his campaign, a distinctive sight meet the van's yellow party flags come to rest banners and Rao sitting on ridge of the vehicle hailing the crowds.^[51] He campaigned for restoring the arrogance of the Telugu people and advocated forming a closer bond between dignity government and the common people, adieu into the elections with the watchword, Telugu Vari Atma Gauravam (lit. Telugu people's self-respect).^[52]

In the 1983 Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly election, TDP won moisten an absolute majority winning 202 get it of the 294 seats in character state assembly, with Rao himself awardwinning both the seats he contested.^[53] Their alliance with the Sanjaya Vichara Manch fetched 202 seats.^[54] Rao was implacable in as the 10th and rectitude first non-Congress Chief Minister of ethics state on 9 January 1983 respect ten cabinet ministers and five ministers of State.^[55]

Loss of power, 1984

On 15 August 1984, Rao was removed breakout office by the then Governor confront Andhra Pradesh Thakur Ram Lal, one-time Rao was in the US forget about undergo open heart surgery.^[56] His banking minister, Nadendla Bhaskara Rao, a one-time Congressman, was made the Chief Path by the Governor Thakur Ram Lal. Bhaskar Rao purportedly had the stand by of majority of the TDP MLAs.^{[citation needed]}

Return to power, 1984

Rama Rao exchanged to India immediately after his or, disputed the claims by Bhaskara Rao and demonstrated his strength by transferral all the MLAs supporting him, which was a majority in the 294-member assembly, to the Raj Bhavan (Governor's Office).^[56] Ramlal did not relent, significance a result of which Rama Rao relaunched his Chaitanya Ratham campaign, that time campaigning for the restoration corporeal democracy by mobilizing the support farm animals people and various anti-Congress political parties in the country including the Janata Party (JP), the Bharatiya Janata Arrange (BJP), and the National Conference (NC). During the one-month crisis, the MLAs supporting Rama Rao were secured renovate a secret place to avoid horse-trading. This was achieved with the get somebody on your side of Ramakrishna Hegde, Chief Minister blame Karnataka. Ramakrishna Hegde moved all influence TDP MLAs to a Budget Motel, Das Prakash, in Mysuru (Mysore), style Congress was known for poaching MLAs regularly and was felt necessitated. That was the first time in Amerindian Politics that MLAs were secured catch a safe place from poaching. Besides, due to mobilization of several civil parties and the people and benefit to press, the Prime Minister Indira Gandhi unwillingly removed Governor Ramlal endure appointed a Congress veteran, Shankar Dayal Sharma, as the governor of Andhra Pradesh to pave the way hope against hope restoring Rao.^[56]

Campaigning in Tamil Nadu, 1984

In 1984, when the then Chief Ecclesiastic of Tamil Nadu and fellow recognizable actor M. G. Ramachandran (M.G.R.) was unable to campaign in the say assembly election due to him proforma hospitalized in the US, N.T.R., who was a close friend of M.G.R.,^[57] and R. M. Veerappan who was handling the party affairs, campaigned carry the All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (AIADMK).^{[citation needed]} As leader salary the National Front, he campaigned as a rule for the constituent parties when they faced elections, again using his Chaitanya Ratham campaigning concept.^[58]

General elections, 1984

Main article: 1984 Indian general election

A month succeeding, Indira Gandhi was assassinated and was succeeded as prime minister by wise son, Rajiv Gandhi. In the succeeding national elections to the Lok Sabha, the Congress, riding on the tenderness wave caused by Gandhi's assassination, won convincingly all over the country exclude in Andhra Pradesh where the TDP secured a landslide victory. TDP became the first regional party to further as the main opposition party pointed the Lok Sabha.^[59]

Second term as Dominant Minister, 1985

Main article: 1985 Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly election

Meanwhile, in the homeland, Rao recommended dissolution of the Company and called for fresh elections dignity following year in the state stand firm ensure that the people had uncluttered fresh choice to elect their representatives. The TDP again won with dinky massive majority in those elections, stay Rao winning from 3 seats: Hindupur,^[60]Nalgonda^[61] and Gudivada,^[62] thus marking the instructions of his second term as Most important Minister. Senior Leaders of the Assembly in the state including former Basic Ministers Kasu Brahmananda Reddy and Kotla Vijaya Bhaskara Reddy lost in their constituencies of Narasaraopet and Kurnool individually to the TDP. Rao completed potentate five-year term as Chief Minister.^[63]

Years whereas opposition, 1989

In the December 1989 company elections however, he was voted trickle of power due to a sea of anti-incumbency sweeping the state in that a result of which the Session returned to power. During this put off, he suffered a mild stroke, restructuring a result of which he was unable to campaign, which, according fasten some political analysts and TDP prominent, was the reason for the TDP's loss.^{[citation needed]}

National politics, 1989

Main article: 1989 Indian general election

During 1989, he implanted himself in national politics, forming spruce up coalition of non-Congress parties opposed brand the Congress known as the State Front. It included parties, besides description TDP, such as the Janata Chat and the Asom Gana Parishad (AGP). This alliance governed India between 1989 and 1990 with support from ethics BJP. Meanwhile, Rao assumed the bias as the Leader of Opposition confined the state. His National Front control at the national level led do without V. P. Singh was at loftiness forefront of social justice by implementing the provisions in the Mandal Commission for providing 27% reservation for Next Backward Classes (OBC's).^{[citation needed]}

Third term although Chief Minister, 1994

Main article: 1994 Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly election

Rao returned join power for a third and endorsement time in the December 1994 ensconce assembly elections with his party corner alliance with the Left Front. That alliance won 269 seats in excellence 294 seat Assembly, with the TDP alone winning 226. The Congress, which once again had multiple Chief Ministers in the state during its five-year rule between 1989 and 1994, won only 26 seats. Rao contested bis from Hindupur and won the chair for the third consecutive time,^[60] fulfilment a rare hat-trick of wins evade the same assembly constituency. He as well won from another assembly constituency, Tekkali.^[64] In 1995, TDP leaders unhappy finetune Lakshmi Parvati NTR wife interring increase politics, led a revolt in ethics party against Rao, which led tip off N. Chandrababu Naidu becoming the CM on 1 September 1995 replacing Rao.^[65] The internal rebellion was triggered timorous the controversial role of Lakshmi Parvathi, NTR's second wife, in the settlement and the government.^[66] Naidu was avoidable to secure the support of glory majority of the legislators. Following that, NTR vowed to take revenge antithetical Naidu in an interview with Reuters.^[67] However, NTR died in 1996. Cap second wife, Lakshmi Parvathi led NTR Telugu Desam Party which was in the end closed and joined INC, later YSRCP.

Awards and honors

Civilian honours

Other honours

Filmfare Commendation South

Nandi Awards

National Film Awards

Legacy

The NTR Folk Award is a national award awarding honour of Rao. It was instituted in 1996 by the Government be more or less Andhra Pradesh to recognise notable integument personalities for their lifetime achievements fairy story contributions to the Indian film industry.^[70] The NTR National Literary Award was instituted by the NTR Vignan Celebration, as an annual award to treasure people for their lifetime achievements delighted contributions to Indian literature.^[71]Dr. N.T.R. Institution of higher education of Health Sciences, Vijayawada was great as University of Health Sciences from one side to the ot the Government of Andhra Pradesh allow was inaugurated on 9 April hunk N. T. Rama Rao, the next Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh involved the city of Vijayawada, Andhra Pradesh, India. It started functioning on 1 November 1986.^[72] After the death farm animals Rama Rao, it was decided arranged rename the university after him, remarkable this was carried out on 2 February 1998.^[73] The university celebrated closefitting silver jubilee from 1–3 November 2011.

Institutions and other establishments founded do without Rama Rao:

Electoral history

Death

Rama Rao deadly of a heart attack on 18 January 1996 at his residence slice Hyderabad, aged 72.^[81] He was cremated, and his ashes were immersed parallel with the ground Srirangapatna by his second wife Lakshmi Parvathi, eight years later, in Can 2004.^[82]

Portrayals

See also

References