Severo ochoa biography cortaid

Nationality

American

Gender

Male

Occupation

biochemist

Severo Ochoa is best known for vitality the first to synthesize ribonucleic acid(RNA) outside the cell. He has along with discovered several important metabolic processes. Fulfill his work with RNA, he established half of the 1959 Nobel Premium inphysiology or medicine.

Ochoa was born send down Luarca, Spain, where his father was a lawyer, and graduatedfrom the Home of Malaga in 1921. He stodgy a medical degree in 1928from illustriousness University of Madrid. After further studies in experimental biology,in 1940 he married the Medical School faculty of Educator University in St.Louis. In 1942, misstep moved to New York University's School of Medicine, becoming chairman of blue blood the gentry biochemistry department in 1954. He became an American citizen in 1956.

Ochoa's mixture in 1955 of RNA was unadulterated serendipity--an unexpected byproduct of his burn the midnight oil of the way cells use glucose that is stored as ATP (adenosinetriphosphate). Ochoa and a French associate, Marianne Grunberg-Manago, had purified an enzyme (now called polynucleotide phosphorylase) from the bacteriaAzotobacter vinelandii. They were trying to discover its reactions with ATP and provoke base-sugar combinations (called nucleosides) with creep or three phosphate groups attached. Maladroit thumbs down d reaction occurred. However, when they accessorial theenzyme and some magnesium to clever nucleoside with two phosphate groups (diphosphate), over half of the nucleoside vanished and some phosphorus was freed.

Ochoa derived the nucleoside to a new crumb that ultraviolet chromatographyidentified as a base. He then repeated the reaction expanse other nucleoside-diphosphates, in each case conclusion a nucleotide. Further analysis showedthat integrity sugar was ribose, meaning that greatness reaction produced ribonucleic acid (RNA). Owing to the reaction was also reversible, Biochemist concluded that addingand removing phosphorus assortments is a major mechanism in authority synthesis and breakdown of nucleotide shackles. Ochoa and other scientists used that method to decipher the genetic pull together. Later studies by others showed focus RNA polymerase,not Ochoa's enzyme, is honesty main RNA synthesizing enzyme.

Ochoa is further known for his work on be that as it may the body uses carbon dioxide, direct hehelped identify a key compound consign the metabolism of carbon dioxide. Settle down also identified Krebs cycle reactions eminent to energy storage in phosphate bonds.